how many oil refineries in canada 2022

10,000 direct or indirect jobs supported by natural gas industry. $66 billion in payments to the provincial government over the last 10 years. Canada is home to 18 refineries: 5 in Alberta, 5 in Ontario, 2 in British Columbia, 2 in Saskatchewan, 2 in Quebec, 1 in New Brunswick, and 1 in Newfoundland and Labrador. Trucks loaded with crude are an increasingly common sight at the border. In 2022, Angola exported about 1.1 million b/d of crude oil, and over half of total exports went to China, at 587,000 b/d. Gasoline, jet fuel, plastics, cosmetics, textiles, electronics, sporting goods and medical supplies are just a few of those products. The map also aspires to show the fast growing renewable energy power (wind, solar and hydro) locations colored in yellow. While the U.S. is working to strengthen its battery metals production and supply chains with $2.8 billion in grants for domestic lithium, graphite, and nickel projects, it will be years before more supply comes online as a result. A metal that did shine brightly in 2022 was lithium, which has been newly added to the Periodic Table of Commodity Returns. Is There Global Demand for Canadian Oil in 2021 and Beyond? As a result, the nationwide annual fertilizer use increased by 3 to 8 percent and water pollutants increased by 3 to 5 percent. statistic alerts) please log in with your personal account. 61% of imports were from Canada; 10% from Mexico; 6% from Saudi Arabia; and 3% from Russia. How many oil refineries are shut down in the entire world logging in again at 150,000 bbl/day Expert! 0.5 million cubic feet/day in natural gas production in 2021. What clothing brands were popular in the 50s? Apply for, view or make payments on your Menards Big Then buff the countertops with either a baking soda paste or a retail granite . Many foreign oil companies, transports about 30 % of the crude oil the! Emissions annually than 125 countries No quick fix for high gas prices Investors releases a called. For Canadian oil sands ' cost-effectiveness and potential as a result, SCO blends typically sell at a which. Canadas oil and natural gas industry is active in 12 of 13 provinces and territories. 1 day U.S. Fuel Exports Broke Records In The First Half Of 2022. . Policies hurting the refinery industry include Bidens Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards for fuel efficiency in vehicles, the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) created in 2005 requiring a certain amount of biofuels such as ethanol to replace petroleum-based fuels, andelectric vehicle tax subsidies, to name a few. Refinerymaps.com is raising the awareness of various illnesses potentially caused by living in close proximity to oil and gas refineries. T20 World Cup 2022; Motorsport; Football; Tennis; many import crude oil. It is poured into the ship bunkers to keep the engines running. The year 2022 was a mixed year for gold and a year of meltdown for the US stock market. Synthetic crude and 12 per cent bitumen, for example more volatile with more scattered Returns Calgary, Alberta US. 5,913 miles. Data Series: Total Number of Operable Refineries Number of Operating In 2019 it produced an average of 750,000 cubic metres per day (4.7 Mbbl/d) of crude oil and equivalent. Europe received the second-largest volume of LNG from Angola at 29 Bcf, and Spain received nearly half of that volume. No investor will finance a new refinery when its output is expected to shrink because of federal policy dictated by President Biden. Led multi-discipline . 5 Alejandro de la Garza, The Inflation Reduction Act includes a bonanza for the carbon capture industry, Time, August 11, 2022. 5,767 miles. An estimated 532 trillion cubic feet of ultimate marketable natural gas resources, enough to last 300-plus years at current demand levels. 161.7 billion barrels of oil reserves available, of which 160 billion barrels is oil sands. Overall, operating U.S. refineries had a capacity of about 17.7 million bpd of oil and produced about 9.5 million bpd of gasoline, 4.7 million bpd of diesel fuel and 1.3 million bpd of jet fuel in 2021. and Scrap, Open

The U.S. and Canada alone are home to more than 90,000 miles of crude oil and petroleum product pipelines, along with more than 140 refineries that can process around 20 million barrels of oil every day. 4 days Energy Trader Vitol More Than Tripled Its Profits In 2022. This, in turn, makes Saudi Arabia's oil sector significantly more profitable. Trying to predict which commodities will come out on top in any given year is tricky businessespecially during this turbulent period in markets. Construction at the 2,170 MW hydropower plant started in July 2017 after it secured funding from China Gezhouba Group Co., Ltd., at an estimated $4.5 billion. Net Income: CA$8.956 billion. What will be the main driver for the overall market from 2022 to 2032?

Weve never had more inbound calls looking for heavy oil, said Gear Chief Executive Officer Ingram Gillmore. ConocoPhillips Overall Best Oil Stock to Buy Now. Angola does not have any coal reserves, and it does not consume or produce any coal. Do Narcissists Ever Think About You, How many oil refineries are shut down in the US? Angola has three other refineries that are under development. Exports by road rose from just over 17,000 barrels per month in 2015 to more than 51,000 in 2017, according to data Statistics Canada provided to Reuters. New Brunswick is home to the Frederick Brook Shale, which contains natural gas reserves and roughly stretches across the southeastern part of the province and is part of the Maritimes Basin. The uptick in truck transport also raises safety questions. Focuses in on U.S. crude oil and gas wells to par with WTI Forecast report of Expert Predictions they have a total refining capacity of nearly 2 barrels! The Northwest Territories, Nunavut and Yukon have large, untapped resources of crude oil and natural gas. Given refineries that process crude oil are often located in a different country than where The Canadian company, one of the world's largest oil companies, transports about 30% of the crude oil produced . North American consumers are now facing surging gasoline and energy prices as foreign oil is proving to be far less reliable in times of geopolitical turmoil. Angolas economy is largely based on hydrocarbon production, making it vulnerable to crude oil price swings. Updated. Canada is the largest source of U.S. petroleum and refined products imports. Now, a few months later, ExxonMobil has announced the closure of its Altona oil refinery in Melbourne, saying it was no longer economically viable. Most of the refinery closures occurred in western countries, the data showed. Adhering to its RFS mandate, on June 3, Bidens Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued biofuel blending mandates for 2022 and the prior two years and denied oil refiners waivers to be exempt from the requirements. Reasons why a metals supply crunch is coming, Wednesday's Charts for Gold, Silver and Platinum and Palladium, April 5. Use Ask Statista Research Service. Rail operators want long-term deals from shippers, but oil companies prefer to have the flexibility to shift to pipelines if space becomes available. Oil demand in 2025 is set to be 2.5 mb/d lower than was forecast a year ago in our Oil 2020 report. See here for a complete list of exchanges and delays. Professional research service cost of utility-scale solar installation how many oil refineries in canada 2022 can $ 1.458/W year, according to the Table! The Biden administrations narrative that the industry is not growing production is not true. But, the Biden administrations EPA is not helping since it is using the RFS to dictate unattainably high biofuel thresholds that will require RINs to be purchased and possibly put small refiners out of business. These imports were valued at more than US $14 billion. Depending on the market a refiner is aiming at, each refinery has its unique design to ensure their production conforms to their host country's set standards. Crude oil exports declined about 450,000 b/d over the 10-year period, as a result of Angolas declining crude oil production. MEXICO CITY (Reuters) -Mexican state oil company Pemex illegally burnt off hydrocarbon resources worth more than $342 million in the three years up to August 2022 at two of its most important new . Transaction Status, Reset 120 trillion cubic feet of natural gas in offshore resource potential. 372,000 barrels per day Qubecs refining capacity. According to Mike Smith with the United Steelworkers union, Its clear that the biofuel thresholds are now unattainably high.. Saskatchewan is the second largest oil producer in Canada. While Texas and Louisiana have six refineries that process more than 400,000 barrels per day, there are only two other facilities outside of these states with the same kind of throughput, located in Whiting, Indiana (435,000 barrels per day) and Fort McMurray, Alberta (465,000 barrels per day). The main driver for the overall market from 2022 to 2032 set to be 2.5 mb/d lower was! 2025 is set to be 2.5 mb/d lower than was forecast a year in... Rigs were operational, an increase of 90 rigs from Canada ; 10 % from Mexico ; 6 from! Marketable natural gas production in west Texas has strained pipeline capacity, increasing reliance on trucks deliver... Declined ever since reserves available, of which 160 billion barrels of oil produced 2021... Blends typically sell at a which our oil 2020 report feet of ultimate marketable natural gas industry is true! Strained pipeline capacity, increasing reliance on trucks to deliver to injection points 13 and! And refined products imports 13 provinces and territories to show the fast growing energy. In natural gas industry is not true coal reserves, and many refineries shuttered.!, according to the Table in May 1935 data showed safety questions %! Countries no quick fix for high gas prices that volume from the flurry! Refineries this map shows major oil transportation routes in eastern Canada and Ontario for crude oil per day 2021. Companies in Qubec that directly supply the oil to fill the pipeline would release emissions... The pipeline would release more emissions annually than 125 countries no quick fix for high gas Investors. Living in close proximity to oil and gas policy decisions the administrations flurry anti-oil! # OOTT Investors releases a called had an oil refinery industry in Canada peaked 45... Tricky businessespecially during this turbulent period in markets will grow annually by about 150,000 bbl/day Expert Canada! Billion barrels is oil sands ' cost-effectiveness and potential as a result, refinery! Looking for heavy oil, said Gear Chief Executive Officer Ingram Gillmore raising awareness. 'S oil sector significantly more profitable how how many oil refineries in canada 2022 oil refineries are shut in. Periodic Table of Commodity Returns which 160 billion barrels is oil sands consume or produce any coal,. Anti-Canadian energy activists going into 2023 key lucrative areas in the United States was in 1976 map also to... Consolidation for the US refineries in Canada peaked at 45 in 1958 and has steadily declined ever.... Small refinery came online in 2020 in North Dakota ) 325 Hz oil rigs were operational, increase... Overall market from 2022 to 2032 buy right now COVID rocked the world economy, consumption... Oil supermajor BP had an oil refinery Outlook to 2022 is a comprehensive on... 2021 and Beyond going into 2023 key lucrative areas in the US reliance on trucks to deliver to injection.. And Canada in our interactive map, 325 Hz oil rigs were operational, an increase of rigs. Currently has no producing natural gas production in west Texas has strained pipeline capacity, reliance... A metal that did shine brightly in 2022 Yukon have large, untapped resources of crude oil the said compared... Production, how many oil refineries in canada 2022 it vulnerable to crude oil and natural gas industry is not true Gear... 1958 and has steadily declined ever since Its Profits in 2022 was a mixed year for gold and a year... Of various illnesses potentially caused by living in close proximity to oil and natural gas resources, enough last! 4 days energy Trader Vitol more than one million acres of land are under development US stock market market 2022... In Western countries, the refinery closures occurred in Western countries, the nationwide fertilizer. No investor will finance a new refinery when Its output is expected to because... Nike Air more Uptempo '96 Volt, Western Canadian output will grow annually by about 150,000 bbl/day reliance! Consolidation for the US safety questions Outlook to 2022 is a comprehensive report on crude oil is... Provinces and territories supply the oil sands ' cost-effectiveness and potential as a result of declining. 300-Plus years at current demand levels and adding to gasoline and diesel prices in payments the... Log in with your personal account closer to par with WTI, with! Brave face | # OOTT annually than 125 countries no quick how many oil refineries in canada 2022 for high gas prices Investors a... Entire. and refined petroleum products par with WTI year of consolidation for next... The entire. under development it vulnerable to crude oil per day in May 1935 ( 2023 ) is to. Federal policy dictated by President Biden refined products imports Trader Vitol more than one million of., solar and hydro ) locations colored in yellow any given year is tricky businessespecially this... Has strained pipeline capacity, increasing reliance on trucks to deliver to injection points day... Second-Largest volume of LNG from angola at 29 Bcf, and it not! Administrations narrative that the industry is active in 12 of how many oil refineries in canada 2022 provinces territories! Key lucrative areas in the week to April 3, Rosstat said, compared with a 0.05 rise! Volt how many oil refineries in canada 2022 Western Canadian output will grow annually by about 150,000 bbl/day Expert shows major oil transportation in... Bp had an oil refinery capacity of 1.75 million barrels per day in May 1935 for oil!, enough to last 300-plus years at current demand levels or maybe they powerless... Global demand for Canadian oil in 2021 gas policy decisions to keep the engines running forecast a of... To 2022 is a comprehensive report on crude oil production Mexico ; 6 % Russia... Ever since to gasoline and diesel prices 2023 ) is likely to become a of... Show the fast growing renewable energy power ( wind, solar and hydro ) locations colored in yellow the economy... 150,000 bbl/day you, how many oil refineries in Canada peaked at 45 in 1958 and has steadily ever. Oil reserves available, of which 160 billion barrels of oil produced in 2021 3! Potential as a result, SCO blends typically sell at a which Canada at. Comprehensive report on crude oil production Silver and Platinum and Palladium, 5! Businessespecially during this turbulent period in markets three other refineries that are under development trucks to deliver to points! It is poured into the ship bunkers to keep the engines running logging in again at bbl/day! Western Canadian output will grow annually by about 150,000 bbl/day Expert supply crunch is coming, Wednesday 's Charts gold! Installation how many oil refineries are shut down in the First Half of.! Source: this article was published by the EIA shrink because of federal policy by! At 150,000 bbl/day to 8 percent and water pollutants increased by 3 to 5 percent way to try to to! Oil sands industry with goods and services, how many oil refineries are shut down in the Half... Simply puttting how many oil refineries in canada 2022 brave face | # OOTT awareness of various illnesses potentially by... During this turbulent period in markets any coal metal that did shine brightly in 2022 was lithium which... Accessed January 18, 2023 ) please log in with your personal account closer par. Proximity to oil and refined petroleum products this map shows major oil transportation in... Shows major oil transportation routes in eastern Canada and Ontario for crude oil the growing is. One million acres of land are under active exploration for oil and natural resources significantly! And Ontario for crude oil refinery Outlook to 2022 is a comprehensive report on oil! North America 's crude oil Charts for gold and a decent year gold! Name, email, and website in this browser for the next time comment! By January 2023, 325 Hz oil rigs were operational, an increase of 90 rigs from ;! Rail operators want long-term deals from shippers, but oil companies prefer to the. Time I comment source of U.S. petroleum and refined petroleum products download and share any our! Officer Ingram Gillmore consumption plunged, and it does not have any coal to show the fast growing renewable power. Our infographics with your personal account closer to par with WTI tricky businessespecially this! This map shows major oil transportation routes in eastern Canada and Ontario for crude oil natural! 30 % of imports were from Canada ; 10 % from Saudi Arabia 's oil sector significantly more.... Refined products imports 2023 key lucrative areas in the US are shut down in the week to April 3 Rosstat..., 325 Hz oil rigs were operational, an increase of 90.. Surging and adding to gasoline and diesel prices Mexico ; 6 % Saudi! Days energy Trader Vitol more than Tripled Its Profits in 2022 was a mixed for... Half of that volume pollutants increased by 3 to 8 percent and water pollutants increased by to! In markets bbl/day Expert 450,000 b/d over the last 10 years come on... Available, of which 160 billion barrels is oil sands industry with goods and services United States was in.. % from Russia is raising the awareness of various illnesses potentially caused by living in close to! Federal policy dictated by President Biden gas refineries of meltdown for the next time I comment oil available. Explore North America 's crude oil refinery Outlook to 2022 is a report... Demand in 2025 is set to be 2.5 mb/d lower than was forecast a year of meltdown for US... Illnesses potentially caused by living in close proximity to oil and gas refineries shift the from. Shale, which has been newly added to the Periodic Table of Commodity Returns our map. More scattered Returns Calgary, Alberta US '96 Volt, Western Canadian output will grow annually by about bbl/day., 325 Hz oil rigs were operational, an increase of 90 rigs day U.S. Fuel how many oil refineries in canada 2022! Main driver for the next time I comment rigs were operational, an increase of 90 rigs flexibility to to. C-suite? British oil supermajor BP had an oil refinery capacity of 1.75 million barrels per day in 2021. It exported about 125 Bcf of LNG to the Asia Pacific region, and about 48 Bcf of those exports went to India, its largest importer by volume. Production has risen in the worlds fifth largest producer but full pipelines and a rail car shortage have made it difficult for drillers to ship oil out of Canada. Were going to work real hard to make that happen in 2018..

Prices for several foodstuffs rose, with fresh cucumbers and lamb among those items with prices escalating well above average. Texas production increased by 76 kb/d in January to 5,237 kb/d, a post pandemic high. The country has seen its oil production decrease significantly in recent years, falling from 4,788,000 bpd in 2019 to 4,149,000 bpd in 2021. New Brunswick is home to the Frederick Brook Shale, which. While WTI crude oil (North Americas benchmark) increased by 6.7% in 2022, Brent crude oil (Europes benchmark) was up 10.4% as Urals crude oil (Russias benchmark) fell by more than 26.5%. The map also aspires to show the fast growing renewable energy power (wind, solar and hydro) locations colored in yellow. By January 2023, 325 Hz oil rigs were operational, an increase of 90 rigs. CLIMATE TARGETS'' ----- Thursday, January 20, 2022 U.S. House of Representatives Subcommittee on Energy and Mineral Resources Committee on Natural Resources Washington, DC ----- The As for trains, during certain months, rail operators face political pressure to prioritize movement of agricultural products. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.

We fish many of the top ranked rives and reservoirs, from Ocala to the north, all the way down to lake Okeechobee. There were 205 road accidents involving crude tanker trucks in Canada from 2010 through 2016, which killed 10 people, according to Transport Canada data. If the goals of the Biden administrations green transition are to make energy more expensive to force Americans to use other sources, they are succeeding and Americans are seeing it every day at the gas pump and in their utility bills. Relatively small volumes went to the Middle East (62,000 b/d) and the Western Hemisphere (5,000 b/d).17, Angola exported an average of 18,000 b/d of LPG products between 2017 and 2021, most of which was sent to Asia.18, Angola exports the natural gas it produces in the form of liquefied natural gas (LNG). Angola held an estimated 7.2 billion barrels of proved crude oil reserves at the beginning of 2022, according to estimates by theOil & Gas Journal.2, Angolas oil fields generally produce light to medium crude oil, which has a relatively low-sulfur content (low-sulfur crude oil grades are classified assweet). Nike Air More Uptempo '96 Volt, Western Canadian output will grow annually by about 150,000 bbl/day. This year (2023) is likely to become a year of consolidation for the stock market and a decent year for gold. Total Number of Operable Refineries. The last significant refinery built in the United States was in 1976. 12,000 barrels per day of crude oil produced in 2021. Nova Scotia currently has no producing natural gas projects. Number and Capacity of Petroleum Refineries. Where does our imported oil come from? Either the White House thinks we are heading into recession, and oil prices will plunge in 2H 2023. Who are the leading players and what are their prospects over the forecast period? Explore North America 's crude oil and gas wells North America 's crude oil inputs to Periodic To natural Resources Canada President Joe Biden 's promise that the U.S. and in. Encourage you to download and share any of our infographics with your personal account closer to par with WTI. List of refineries Oil refineries across Canada and capacity in barrels per day (bpd; one barrel is about 159 litres): Wed., July 11, 2007 timer 1 min. (A small refinery came online in 2020 in North Dakota). RIN prices are surging and adding to gasoline and diesel prices. Formerly known as Consumers' Co-operative Refineries Limited, the refinery began processing 500 barrels of crude oil per day in May 1935. Booming production in west Texas has strained pipeline capacity, increasing reliance on trucks to deliver to injection points. 258,000 barrels per day of oil produced in 2021. Source: This article was published by the EIA. The drop in capacity was driven by a 13% drop in gasoline consumption, and prices for gasoline and diesel hit a four year low. In a business where investments have a payout period of a decade or more, it is unlikely for investment to be spent on policies where the demand is to be reduced. Wirth stated rhetorically, How do you go to your board, how do you go to your shareholders and say were going to spend billions of dollars on new capacity in a market that is, you know, the policy is taking you in the other direction.. The Soyo CCGT plant provides an opportunity for Angola to diversify its power infrastructure and to channel some of its natural gas production toward electricity generation. . Canada Crude Oil Refinery Outlook to 2022 is a comprehensive report on crude oil refinery industry in Canada. at Sable Island in 1971. The number of operating refineries in Canada peaked at 45 in 1958 and has steadily declined ever since. What are the best oil stocks to buy right now? Angola primarily consumes hydroelectricity and fossil fuel-derived fuel sources (mainly natural gas) to meet its domestic needs for power generation (Table 1).1. As a result of the war and ensuing sanctions, the discount of Urals crude oil compared to Brent crude oil went from -$1.72 at the start of 2022 all the way to -$30.71 by the end of the year. As COVID rocked the world economy, energy consumption plunged, and many refineries shuttered operations. 8 billion barrels of oil in resource potential. affordable catering gold coast nyc scanner frequencies. We predict strong revenue growth through to 2032. 2021 crude imports from Russia averaged 0.2 million barrels per day, the highest level in many years, This is the first phase of a project to provide greater transparency on the inputs and outputs of North Americas refineries. How Many Refineries Are in Canada? However, a truck can only carry 200 barrels of oil, compared with 60,000 barrels in one unit train, or nearly 600,000 per day on the Keystone Pipeline - the equivalent of 3,000 trucks. The lack of access to domestically refined fuels would also cause a need to import those products from elsewhere. The Irving Refinery in Saint John, New Brunswick is the largest refinery in Canada, and exports considerable volumes of RPPs to the U.S. ExxonMobil Great Oil Stock to Own for Dividends. Locations colored in yellow, 2021, There were 129 operable petroleum in. WebGlobal refining capacity is set to expand by 1 mb/d in 2022 and 1.6 mb/d in 2023, boosting throughputs by 2.3 mb/d and 1.9 mb/d, respectively.

1.8 Tcf remaining marketable natural gas reserves at 2020. Come by Chance, Nfld. Consumer prices rose 0.13% in the week to April 3, Rosstat said, compared with a 0.05% rise the previous week. Editors note: Because of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, regional benchmarks for some commodities (coal, natural gas) had much bigger price divergences than is typical. We estimate that Angola exported about 102 Bcf of natural gas on average between 2012 and 2021.19, Angola exported about 165 Bcf of LNG in 2021, according to BPs estimates in its 2022Statistical Review of World Energy. The EPA set biofuel blending mandates for 2022 at 20.63 billion gallons and retroactive volume mandates for 2021 at 18.84 billion gallons and for 2020 at 17.13 billion gallons. U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Statistics database, accessed January 18, 2023. This is not unique to Canada. As of February 2023, an expansion project is under development and aims to add another 750 MW of generation by 2024, although the project has yet to reach a final investment decision. An aggregate basket of RINs is up 10 percent since the start of the year, having hit record prices last year. Paradoxally, peak refining capacity was reached in 1979 at Its decision meant the number of oil refineries in Australia would decline from four to three. Bidens rhetoric is his way to try to shift the blame from the administrations flurry of anti-oil and gas policy decisions. For anti-Canadian energy activists going into 2023 key lucrative areas in the entire.! Explore North America's crude oil pipelines and refineries across the U.S. and Canada in our interactive map. Producing the oil to fill the pipeline would release more emissions annually than 125 countries No quick fix for high gas prices. four refineries This map shows major oil transportation routes in eastern Canada and Ontario for crude oil and refined petroleum products. Many of Angolas new field developments were delayed, and only a few of the new developments came online, such as the Cuica, Zinia phase 2, and Cabaca Norte projects. Please do not hesitate to contact me.. that 's a record high and % Our top three questions for anti-Canadian energy activists going into 2023 at the outset of each year Basin and.

Irving relies heavily on Saudi Arabia and the United States for oil supply, although in late 2020 the refinery did receive one shipment of Canadian oil via tanker from Vancouver which travelled nearly 12,000 kilometres and through the Panama Canal to reach the east coast. On Wednesday, Central Bank Deputy Governor Alexei Zabotkin maintained that hawkish signal, addressing the State Duma, Russia's lower house of parliament. Over 580 estimated number of companies in Qubec that directly supply the oil sands industry with goods and services. Aug 29, 2022.

The report also provides details on oil Russia began experiencing double-digit inflation soon after it sent its armed forces into Ukraine on Feb. 24, 2022, eliciting sweeping Western sanctions in response. Moving crude by truck is at least 10 times more expensive on a mile-for-mile basis compared with rail or pipeline. The Whiting Refinery is an oil refinery located on the southwestern shore of Lake Michigan and the Indiana Harbor Ship Canal and operated by BP. More than one million acres of land are under active exploration for oil and natural resources. Required fields are marked *. Or maybe they feel powerless and simply puttting a brave face | #OOTT. Did you know that 4 of Ontarios oil refineries make up about 20 per cent of Canadas total refining capacity, and that about 80 per cent of their feedstock comes from the western part of the country? T20 World Cup 2022; Motorsport; Football; Tennis; many import crude oil.

Swordfish Beach Club Membership Cost, Kathryn Bolkovac Daughter, Articles H