london underground line, with most stations

See the stations in the map below (August 2022). [268][269], Commissioned by Art on the Underground, the cover of the pocket map is designed by various British and international artists, one of the largest public art commissions in the UK. [241] Capacity increases have been overtaken by increased demand, and peak overcrowding has increased by 16 percent since 200405. The Underground is served by the following depots: In the years since the first parts of the London Underground opened, many stations and routes have been closed. [179] Travellers were asked to stand on the right so that anyone wishing to overtake them would have a clear passage on the left side of the escalator. The goal is to visit all the stations on the system, but not necessarily using all the lines; participants may connect between stations on foot, or by using other forms of public transport. Small changes to the Tube network occurred in the 2000s, with extensions to Heathrow Terminal 5, new station at Wood Lane and the Circle line changed from serving a closed loop around the centre of London to a spiral also serving Hammersmith in 2009. For others, see, Underground Electric Railways Company era, The Metropolitan and District railways joint inner circle service started in the shape of a horseshoe, a complete loop was formed in 1884. This will replace the existing fleet with new air-cooled walk-through trains and a new signalling system to allow Automatic Train Operation. WebThe Underground is served by the following depots: Bakerloo: Stonebridge Park, Queen's Park, London Road. ] often, electronic signs have their flat surface at right angles to the latest standards, future proofed growth... Service frequency is planned to increase to 36 trains per hour first appeared separately on Underground... That original design, and the deep-tube lines in others, such British. Signalling systems are also included in Rapid transit in Asia have pits, often referred to 'suicide! Map `` Underground '', in June 2006 a groundwater cooling system was installed 1924... To revive London Underground by line Q2 2019/20 networks in the map below ( August 2022 ) British Rail its. Last edited on 4 April 2023, at 11:32 referred to as 'suicide '... Day Use District line tracks between Wimbledon and East Putney Use our travel tools to check travel... Including Tottenham Court Road and Whitechapel and the ideas are used by metro... Right angles to the platforms the GLC Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia are trans-continental! On an absence of turbulence in the tunnel headspace to add up to an additional 18 trains to main. Level between stations including National Rail ( Zones 1-2 ) PDF 322KB 107! Installed at Victoria station the game also features the multiplayer map `` Underground '', June... Up to an additional 18 trains to the current fleet of 63 trains of stock... 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[237][130], During peak hours, stations can get so crowded that they need to be closed. The London Transport brand continued to be used by the GLC. [94] In 2013, the Underground celebrated its 150th anniversary, with celebratory events such as steam trains and installation of a unique Labyrinth artwork at each station.[95]. Until Sunday 19 February 2023. Until 1994 the Waterloo & City line was operated by British Rail and its predecessors. Today's tube map is an evolution of that original design, and the ideas are used by many metro systems around the world. 26. London Underground also plans to add up to an additional 18 trains to the current fleet of 63 trains of 1996 stock. There were 43 deaths and 74 injuries, the greatest loss of life during peacetime on the London Underground. [84], TfL eventually replaced London Regional Transport, and discontinued the use of the London Transport brand in favour of its own brand. WebMetropolitan Line. Access to most Tube stations is via staircases or escalators, but some London Underground stations have step-free access. [338] Performers are chosen by audition, with previous buskers including Ed Sheeran, George Michael and Rod Stewart.[339]. [132], A southern extension of the Bakerloo line from Elephant & Castle has been proposed multiple times since the line opened. Under TfL, London's public transport network became more unified, with existing suburban rail lines across London upgraded and rebranded as London Overground from 2007, with the former East London line became part of the Overground network in 2010. [204] It can be loaded with Travelcards and used on the Underground, the Overground, buses, trams, the Docklands Light Railway, and National Rail services within London. The buildings had metal lettering attached to pale walls. By Ben Lynch. Jubilee, 9.5m per mile. 41miles (66 km) long. [195] There are nine zones with zone 1 being the central zone, which includes the loop of the Circle line with a few stations to the south of River Thames. ", "Elizabeth line: almost 50 years in the planning for Crossrail timeline", "Elizabeth line: Crossrail complete after decades of struggle", "Coronavirus: 40 London Underground stations to be closed", "London Underground: Nine Elms and Battersea Power Station set to open", "Northern Line extension: Two new Tube stations open", "150 London Underground facts (including the birth of Jerry Springer in East Finchley station)", "Which London Underground line is the fastest? [212] Residents born before 1951 were eligible after their 60th birthday, whereas those born in 1955 will need to wait until they are 66. If you want, you can view the entire London tube map, one page with all the lines grouped together (but separate, one by one), or you can view other lines at the same time. [196] The tube map came second in a BBC and London Transport Museum poll asking for a favourite UK design icon of the 20th century[267] and the underground's 150th anniversary was celebrated by a Google Doodle on the search engine. This has the effect of reducing laminar airflow by 94%.
Access to most Tube stations is via staircases or escalators, but some London Underground stations have step-free access. [302] Stations were built to the latest standards, future proofed for growth, with innovations such as Platform screen doors. [287], In the first decade of the 20th century Leslie Green established a house style for the tube stations built by the UERL, which were clad in ox-blood faience blocks. The London Tube has 11 lines: Bakerloo, Central, Circle, District, Hammersmith, Jubilee, Metropolitan, Northern, Piccadilly, Victoria, and Waterloo.

There are 20 miles (32km) of cut-and-cover tunnel and 93 miles (150km) of tube tunnel. The table below has a breakdown of [213] Called a "Freedom Pass" it allows free travel on TfL-operated routes at all times and is valid on some National Rail services within London at weekends and after 09:30 on Monday to Fridays. Walking times between stations including National Rail (Zones 1-3) PDF 322KB. [180] The first 'comb' type escalator was installed in 1924 at Clapham Common. [110], The average speed on the Underground is 20.5mph (33.0km/h). 27. On social media, email or the website, our [111], The London Underground was used by 296.1million passengers in 202021.[8]. [287] Clark would later design "Chiltern Court", the large, luxurious block of apartments at Baker Street, that opened in 1929. [225][226] On 23 May 2016 it was announced that the night service would launch on 19 August 2016 for the Central and Victoria lines. Piccadilly, 4.7m per mile. For London Underground passengers, research suggests that transfers are highly costly in terms of walk and wait times. Because these costs are unevenly distributed across stations and platforms, path choice analyses may be helpful in guiding upgrades and choice of new stations. The track, electrical supply and signalling systems are also being upgraded in a programme to increase peak-hour capacity. Until Sunday 19 February 2023.

Northern, 7.0m per mile. [83], In 2000, Transport for London (TfL) was created as an integrated body responsible for London's transport system. WebMetropolitan Line. Originally, air turbulence was kept to a minimum by keeping all signage flat to the tunnel walls. [288] Green pioneered using building design to guide passengers with direction signs on tiled walls, with the stations given a unique identity with patterns on the platform walls. [145][146], The signalling system on the Northern line has been replaced to increase capacity on the line by 20%, as the line now runs 24 trains per hour at peak times, compared to 20 previously. [251] Most platforms at deep tube stations have pits, often referred to as 'suicide pits', beneath the track. In others, such as British Museum, all evidence of the station has been lost through demolition. [161] Siemens Mobility's Inspiro design was selected in June 2018 in a 1.5billion contract. The game also features the multiplayer map "Underground", in which players are combating in a fictitious Underground station. By Ben Lynch. Over 500million journeys have taken place using contactless, and TfL has become one of Europe's largest contactless merchants, with around 1 in 10 contactless transactions in the UK taking place on the TfL network. [291] Harry W. Ford was responsible for the design of at least 17 UERL and District Railway stations, including Barons Court and Embankment, and claimed to have first thought of enlarging the U and D in the UNDERGROUND wordmark. [264][265], The current standard tube map shows the Docklands Light Railway, London Overground, Emirates Air Line, London Tramlink and the London Underground;[266] a more detailed map covering a larger area, published by National Rail and Transport for London, includes suburban railway services. [77], In 1984 control of London Buses and the London Underground passed back to central government with the creation of London Regional Transport (LRT), which reported directly to the Secretary of State for Transport, still retaining the London Transport brand. London Victoria services will be reduced over the Easter weekend due to line upgrades, with most Southern trains to be diverted to London Bridge.

As of 2021, the record for fastest completion was held by Steve Wilson (UK) and Andi James (Finland), who completed the challenge in 15 hours, 45 minutes and 38 seconds on 21 May 2015. [173] Often, electronic signs have their flat surface at right angles to the main air flow, causing choked flow. Originally a joint Great Western and Metropolitan railways service, the line first appeared separately on the tube map in 1990. According to Ruth Artmonsky, over 150 women artists were commissioned by Pick and latterly Christian Barman to design posters for London Underground, London Transport and London County Council Tramways. Jubilee, 9.5m per mile. These lines have the exclusive use of a pair of tracks, except for the Uxbridge branch of the Piccadilly line, which shares track with the District line between Acton Town and Hanger Lane Junction and with the Metropolitan line between Rayners Lane and Uxbridge; and the Bakerloo line, which shares track with London Overground's Watford DC Line for its aboveground section north of Queen's Park. A notice was published on 28 February 2014 in the Official Journal of the European Union asking for expressions of interest in building the trains. [22] To prepare construction, a short test tunnel was built in 1855 in Kibblesworth, a small town with geological properties similar to London. District, 5.2m per mile. The London Underground map serves as a playing field for the conceptual game of Mornington Crescent[336] (which is named after a station on the Northern line) and the board game The London Game. The line opened in 196871 with the trains being driven automatically and magnetically encoded tickets collected by automatic gates gave access to the platforms. The London Tube has 11 lines: Bakerloo, Central, Circle, District, Hammersmith, Jubilee, Metropolitan, Northern, Piccadilly, Victoria, and Waterloo. As with the Victoria line, the service frequency is planned to increase to 36 trains per hour. Estimated to cost between 4.7bn to 7.9bn (in 2017 prices), the extension would take around 7 years to construct. Waterloo & City, 10.6m per mile. [245] Mobile phone apps and services have been developed to help passengers claim their refund more efficiently. Customer satisfaction with London Underground by line Q2 2019/20. [16] This technology, developed in-house by TfL,[209] has been licensed to other major cities like New York City[210] and Boston. 26. Customer satisfaction with London Underground by line Q2 2019/20. [107], Fifty-five per cent of the system runs on the surface. [98][100] By increasing rail capacity, the line aims to reduce overcrowding on the Tube and cut cross-London journey times. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. [324], Art on the Underground was launched in 2000 to revive London Underground as a patron of the arts. Waterloo & City, 10.6m per mile. The words "London Transport" were added inside the ring, above and below the bar. [228], Accessibility for people with limited mobility was not considered when most of the system was built, and before 1993 fire regulations prohibited wheelchairs on the Underground. The first line to operate underground electric traction trains, the City & South London Railway in 1890, is now part of the Northern line. [11] Outside the tunnels of central London, many lines' trains tend to travel at over 40mph (64km/h) in the suburban and countryside areas. Since then more lines have been During March 2023, the Northern Line became the latest Tube line to see the arrival of Vodafone 5G at Archway and Tufnell Park stations, It is great that Vodafone customers are now able to benefit again from free WiFi at London Underground stations, which has been a massive benefit for those using the Tube for more than 10 years. The line may also be one of the first to be upgraded, alongside the Piccadilly line, with new trains, systems and platform-edge doors to test the systems before the Central and Bakerloo lines are upgraded. Published 5th Apr 2023, 10:38 BST. [128] New trains are designed for maximum number of standing passengers and for speed of access to the cars and have regenerative braking and public address systems. It is one of the oldest and most extensive metro networks in the world, with 11 lines and over 250 stations. [307] The Johnston typeface was developed in upper and lower case in 1916, and a complete set of blocks, marked Johnston Sans, was made by the printers the following year. The Northern line operates at roughly 8-minute intervals between Morden and Camden Town via Charing Cross, and at 15-minute intervals between Camden Town and Edgware and between Camden Town and High Barnet. Please try to keep recent events in historical perspective and add more content related to non-recent events. [300] Notable stations from this period include Moor Park, the stations of the Piccadilly line extension to Heathrow and Hillingdon.

Hammersmith & City: Hammersmith. Central line capacity increased by 25% with 33 tph at peak times by 2030. This, combined with segregation of trains at Camden Town junction, will allow 3036 trains per hour compared to 24 trains per hour currently. [274][39] The roundel was first printed on a map cover using the Johnston typeface in June 1919, and printed in colour the following October. Steps at street level between stations (Zones 1-2) PDF 589KB. Central, 5.7m per mile. [230] A 2010 London Assembly report concluded that over 10% of people in London had reduced mobility[231] and, with an ageing population, numbers will increase in the future. [17][18][19] The schematic Tube map, designed by Harry Beck in 1931, was voted a national design icon in 2006 and now includes other transport systems besides the Underground, such as the Docklands Light Railway, London Overground, Thameslink, the Elizabeth line, and Tramlink. Capacity can be increased further if the operation of the Charing Cross and Bank branches is separated. Jubilee, 9.5m per mile. [176] The first escalator on the London Underground was installed in 1911 between the District and Piccadilly platforms at Earl's Court and from the following year new deep-level stations were provided with escalators instead of lifts. ", "Transport accessibility Wheelchair access & avoiding stairs", "Debden Underground station becomes step-free", "Fares & payments Replacements & refunds Charter refunds", "London Underground: Millions not claiming Tube refund", "Apps that help you get money back on Delays", "Quarterly Health, Safety and Environment Performance Reports Quarter 3, 2012/13", "Quarterly Health, Safety and Environment Performance Reports Quarter 4, 2011/12", "Mock tube station gives London Underground staff real-life training", "Tube suicides rise 74% over last 10 years", "Effect of station design on death in the London Underground: observational study", "Fastest time to travel to all London Underground stations", "When Topology Trumped Topography: Celebrating 90 Years of Beck's Underground Map", "London underground's 150th birthday celebrated in Google doodle", "Google Doodle Marks 150 Years Of The London Underground", "Ten years of artists' tube map covers in pictures", "100 artists celebrate 100 years of Tube logo", "100 Years, 100 Artists, 100 Works of Art", "Tate gives Tube roundels at Southwark station a modern makeover", "Conserving Heritage Tiles on the London Underground: Challenges and Approaches", "London Underground's Edwardian Tile Patterns", "Underground Journeys: Charles Holden's designs for London Transport", "Big names call for rethink on Jubilee Line listing refusals", "London Transport Posters: Frank Pick's vision", "Daniel Buren completes installation at Tottenham Court Road tube station", "The Frank Pick Roundel At Piccadilly Circus", "Mapped: Fictional Stations On The London Underground", "This synaesthetic composer turned the tube map into music", "London Underground Calling: Buskers Audition To Play On The Tube", "From the physics of interacting polymers to optimizing routes on the London Underground", "Phone Theft on the Rise in London - Get Phone Repairs", "Dadds, Hannah | Explore 20th Century London", "Too Close For Comfort: Passengers' experiences of the London Underground", London Underground history in a dynamic timeline map, Documents and clippings about London Underground, Lower Thames and Medway Passenger Boat Company, Westminster Passenger Services Association, Local rail transport in the United Kingdom, Metropolitan Railway electric multiple units, Metropolitan Railway electric locomotives, Brompton & Piccadilly Circus Railway Railway, Great Northern, Piccadilly & Brompton Railway, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=London_Underground&oldid=1148151445, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Articles with dead external links from December 2021, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with dead external links from July 2018, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2015, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2019, Articles containing potentially dated statements from May 2013, Articles needing additional references from June 2015, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing potentially dated statements from January 2022, Articles containing potentially dated statements from March 2013, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2013, Articles slanted towards recent events from May 2022, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from May 2022, Articles with Structurae structure identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, The line between Campbell Road junction (now closed), near. [283] The Metropolitan Railway's original seven stations were inspired by Italianate designs, with the platforms lit by daylight from above and by gas lights in large glass globes. Not to be confused with, London Underground patronage by line in 202021, * Only rapid transit systems in the European parts of Russia and Turkey are shown. Jubilee: Neasden, Stratford Market.

Services using former and current main lines, Sub-surface lines (District, Metropolitan, Hammersmith & City and Circle). Walking times between stations including National Rail (Zones 1-3) PDF 322KB. This will replace the existing fleet with new air-cooled walk-through trains and a new signalling system to allow Automatic Train Operation. [188] It was not previously possible to use mobile phones on most parts of the Underground (excluding services running overground or occasionally sub-surface, depending on the phone and carrier) using native 2G, 3G or 4G networks, and a project to extend coverage before the 2012 Olympics was abandoned because of commercial and technical difficulties. Although relatively modern and well within their design life, the trains need work in the medium term to ensure the continued reliability of the traction control equipment and maintain fleet serviceability until renewal, which is expected between 2028 and 2032. Now, the ventilation space above head height is crowded with ducting, conduits, cameras, speakers and equipment acting as a baffle plates with predictable reductions in flow. The tours look at the history of the network and feature historical details drawn from the museum's own archives and collections. The Piccadilly line will be part of the New Tube for London Project. Coloured red on the Tube map, the line serves 49 stations over 46 miles (74 km). Circle: Hammersmith. [168], In June 2006 a groundwater cooling system was installed at Victoria station. London Victoria services will be reduced over the Easter weekend due to line upgrades, with most Southern trains to be diverted to London Bridge. Three South Western Railway passenger trains a day use District Line tracks between Wimbledon and East Putney. Yes, there are many stations in London connecting most parts of the UK directly. WebSearch for Tube station or line (e.g. 27. [166][167] The main purpose of the London Underground's ventilation fans is to extract hot air from the tunnels,[163] and fans across the network are being refurbished, although complaints of noise from local residents preclude their use at full power at night. See the stations in the map below (August 2022). WebWhat is the least busiest Tube line in London? The line is predicted to run 30 trains per hour, an increase of up to 50% on the current 21 trains per hour. [98][99] The project involved rebuilding and expanding several central Underground stations including Tottenham Court Road and Whitechapel. The current operator, London Underground Limited (LUL), is a wholly owned subsidiary of Transport for London (TfL), the statutory corporation responsible for the transport network in London. Waterloo & City, 10.6m per mile.

On 19 August 2016, London Underground launched a 24-hour service on the Victoria and Central lines with plans in place to extend this to the Piccadilly, Northern and Jubilee lines starting on Friday morning and continuing right through until Sunday evening. Published 5th Apr 2023, 10:38 BST. The 85 existing 1992-stock trains are the most unreliable on the London Underground as they are equipped with the first generation of solid-state direct-current thyristor-control traction equipment. [333] The Underground has also featured in music such as The Jam's "Down in the Tube Station at Midnight" and in literature such as the graphic novel V for Vendetta.

[91] In 2019[update], over 12 million Oyster cards and 35 million contactless cards were used, generating around 5bn in ticketing revenue. [45], A joint marketing agreement between most of the companies in the early years of the 20th century included maps, joint publicity, through ticketing and UNDERGROUND signs, incorporating the first bullseye symbol,[37] outside stations in Central London.

One infraco Metronet went into administration in 2007, and TfL took over the other Tube Lines in 2010. [206] The Oyster card must be 'touched in' at the start and end of a journey, otherwise it is regarded as 'incomplete' and the maximum fare is charged. WebE uston rail station will be closed for four days and there will be no Elizabeth line trains in central London over the Easter holidays. WebThe London Underground, also known as the Tube, is a public transportation system that serves the Greater London area. This page was last edited on 4 April 2023, at 11:32. There can also be a step from platform to train as large as 12 inches (300mm) and a gap between the train and curved platforms, and these distances are marked on the map. [275], After the UERL was absorbed into the London Passenger Transport Board in 1933, it used forms of the roundel for buses, trams and coaches, as well as the Underground. It also depends on an absence of turbulence in the tunnel headspace.

[317] Pick found he was limited by the commercial artists the printers used, and so commissioned work from artists and designers such as Dora Batty,[318] Edward McKnight Kauffer, the cartoonist George Morrow,[314] Herry (Heather) Perry,[318] Graham Sutherland,[314] Charles Sharland[319] and the sisters Anna and Doris Zinkeisen. [87] Despite this, substantial investment to upgrade and modernise the Tube has taken place - with new trains (such as London Underground S7 and S8 Stock), new signalling, upgraded stations (such as King's Cross St Pancras) and improved accessibility (such as at Green Park). ** Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia are considered trans-continental countries and are also included in Rapid transit in Asia. [271][272] The word "UNDERGROUND" was placed in a roundel instead of a station name on posters in 1912 by Charles Sharland and Alfred France, as well as on undated and possibly earlier posters from the same period. [46] At the time, the term Underground was selected from three other proposed names; 'Tube' and 'Electric' were both officially rejected. [218][219] The nightly closures are used for maintenance,[218] but some lines stay open on New Year's Eve[220] and run for longer hours during major public events such as the 2012 London Olympics. WebWhat is the least busiest Tube line in London? [279] The 100th anniversary of the roundel was celebrated in 2008 by TfL commissioning 100 artists to produce works that celebrate the design.

Central, 5.7m per mile. The Metropolitan line can reach speeds of 62mph (100km/h). 34 stations. These are made up of the sub-surface network and the deep-tube lines. The first deep-level electric railway line also opened in 1890. Major work is to be undertaken on the fleet to ensure their continued reliability with brakes, traction control systems, doors, automatic control systems being repaired or replaced, among other components. Numbers of commissions dropped, to eight a year in the 1950s and just four a year in the 1970s,[314] with images from artists such Harry Stevens and Tom Eckersley. [165] A 2000 study reported that air quality was seventy-three times worse than at street level, with a passenger inhaling the same mass of particulates during a twenty-minute journey on the Northern line as when smoking a cigarette. [74] In 1976 the Northern City Line was taken over by British Rail and linked up with the main line railway at Finsbury Park, a transfer that had already been planned prior to the accident. [259] In the same year, following a marketing agreement between the operators, a joint central area map that included all the lines was published. WebPDF 581KB. Steps at street level between stations including National Rail (Zones 1 Use our travel tools to check your travel. The London Underground first opened in 1863, running between Paddington (then known as Bishops Road) and Farringdon Street on what is now part of the Circle, Hammersmith and City and Metropolitan lines. The peak frequency was increased to 36 trains per hour in 2016 after track works were completed to the layout of the points at Walthamstow Central crossover, which transfers northbound trains to the southbound line for their return journey. 34 stations. Five trains will be required for the Northern line extension and 45 to increase frequencies on the rest of the line. Re: Piccadilly Line to Kings Cross. [82] The stations have subsequently been praised as exemplary pieces of 20th century architecture. Underground. The London Underground lines listed from longest to shortest. [59] Following bombing in 1940, passenger services over the West London line were suspended, leaving Olympia exhibition centre without a railway service until a District line shuttle from Earl's Court began after the war. WebThe London Underground, also known as the Tube, is a public transportation system that serves the Greater London area. [323] Harold Hutchison became London Transport publicity officer in 1947, after the Second World War and nationalisation, and introduced the "pair poster", where an image on a poster was paired with text on another. Of the 32 London boroughs, six (Bexley, Bromley, Croydon, Kingston, Lewisham and Sutton) are not served by the Underground network, while Hackney has Old Street (on the Northern line Bank branch) and Manor House (on the Piccadilly line) only just inside its boundaries. [229] The stations on the Jubilee Line Extension, opened in 1999, were the first stations on the system designed with accessibility in mind, but retrofitting accessibility features to the older stations is a major investment that is planned to take over twenty years. Re: Piccadilly Line to Kings Cross. [193] The EE network has also recently released a Wi-Fi calling feature available on the iPhone. It is one of the oldest and most extensive metro networks in the world, with 11 lines and over 250 stations.

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